CRIMINAL LAW AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE. INFORMATION LAW AND SECURITY

Peculiarities of the Forensic Characterization of Theft

Abstract

The article is devoted to the forensic characterization of crimes, which constitutes one of the most significant theoretical concepts employed in the investigation of specific types of criminal offenses. At present, there is no unified approach among forensic scholars to defining the concept of the forensic characterization of crimes, which is обусловлено the multifaceted nature of this scientific category and the diversity of methodological positions adopted by researchers. Despite the ongoing debate surrounding its definition, this concept has become firmly established in contemporary forensic theory and practice related to crime investigation methodology, serving as a system-forming guideline for investigators in the formulation of investigative hypotheses and the planning of investigative actions. Based on an analysis of scholarly works by Kazakhstani forensic scientists and a generalization of investigative practice, the article examines the structural elements of the forensic characterization of theft. These include: the circumstances of the crime; the object of criminal encroachment; the method of committing theft, encompassing preparation, execution, and concealment; the trace pattern at the crime scene; as well as information concerning the личности of the offender and the victim. Particular attention is paid to typical investigative situations and hypotheses advanced at the initial stage of the investigation, as well as to the tactical features of conducting crime scene examinations and interviewing victims. The findings obtained may be used to enhance the effectiveness of the detection and investigation of theft, as well as to improve methodological recommendations for investigative units.